Acute Eosinophilic and Neutrophilic Pneumonia following Transarterial Chemoembolization with Drug-Eluting Beads Loaded with Doxorubicin for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report

At an intermediate or advanced stage, i.e. stage B or C, based on the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) may be offered as a treatment of palliative intent. We report the case of a patient suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome after TACE with drug-eluting beads loaded with doxorubicin for HCC. To our knowledge, this is the first case described where a bronchoalveolar lavage was perReceived: July 25, 2014 Accepted after revision: August 15, 2014 Published online: October 23, 2014 Dr. Dimitra Alifakioti Service de médecine CHUV CH–1011 Lausanne (Switzerland) E-Mail dimitra.alifakioti @ hotmail.com © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel 0025–7931/14/0885–0426$39.50/0 www.karger.com/res Established Facts • Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with doxorubicin is established as a treatment for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The complications of TACE are mainly limited to the liver, spleen and esophagus, but rare cases of acute lung injury have been reported.